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 Post subject: INT 0x13 AH=0x42 returns error
PostPosted: Sat Sep 08, 2018 5:03 pm 
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Joined: Thu May 25, 2017 10:41 pm
Posts: 29
I have been working on a simple bootloader for my OS, and I have encountered a problem.
I'm trying to use INT 0x13 AH=0x42 to load 8 sectors of code from the disk, but for some reason it always returns with AH=0x01 ("invalid function in AH or invalid parameter")

I think there is something wrong with this function, though I haven't been able to pinpoint anything:
Code:
loadstage2:
   mov ah, 0x42
   mov si, dap
   mov dl, byte [drivenum]
   int 0x13
   jc .errloading
   ret
.errloading:
   jmp hang

dap:       
   size db 0x10
   zero db 0
   sectors db 8
   load_address dd 0x00007E00
   start_sec dq 1


My code does check whether BIOS extensions are available, so I don't think that is the problem.


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 Post subject: Re: INT 0x13 AH=0x42 returns error
PostPosted: Sat Sep 08, 2018 5:22 pm 
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Joined: Thu May 25, 2017 10:41 pm
Posts: 29
I found out the problem.

Strangely enough, the first letter of startmsg was being copied into start_sec of the DAP. I added a filler so that this doesn't happen, and the problem is (seemingly) fixed now.
Here is my fixed code:

Code:
dap:
[...]
   start_sec dq 1

   ; For some reason this is necessary.
   filler db 0
   
startmsg db 'booted TestOS.',13,10,0


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 Post subject: Re: INT 0x13 AH=0x42 returns error
PostPosted: Sat Sep 08, 2018 6:00 pm 
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Joined: Sat Nov 22, 2014 6:33 pm
Posts: 934
Location: USA
I would look into that. It sounds funny. Why would the first letter of the string, 8 bytes away, be copied into start_sec.

1) Assembler has a bug (doubtful)
2) You have a pointer issue somewhere
3) You are loading the code and skipping something.
4) Just about anything.

I would run it through Bochs, set a break point for when that byte gets changed, and see where you are.

Just for fun, you don't have to set up a separate place for the DAP. You can use the stack. For an example, see my code at https://github.com/fysnet/FYSOS/blob/master/boot/services/read_ext.inc.

Code:
  // edx:eax = LBA to read
  // ebx = physical address to read it to
  // cx = count of sectors to read (should not be more than 7Fh, as well as this makes CH = 0)
           push edx        ; offset 12
           push eax        ; offset 8
           shl  ebx,12
           shr  bx,12
           push ebx        ; offset 4
           push cx         ; offset 2 (ch = 0)
           push 10h        ; offset 0
           mov  si,sp
           mov  ah,42h     ; read
           mov  dl, ...
           int    13h

Just make sure you adjust the stack afterward. ( add sp,16 )

You can call another service to see if the MSEXT services are available.

Depending on the BIOS manufacturer, I have seen this service available for floppies as well, go figure. Most BIOSes will return the carry set when checking for this service when DL points to a floppy, but will return TRUE (carry clear and BX=sig, etc.) when DL points to a hard drive.

Ben
- http://www.fysnet.net/osdesign_book_series.htm


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